Kincullia
County: Galway
Barony: Loughrea
Municipal District: Loughrea
Civil Parish: Loughrea
Roman Catholic Parish: Loughrea (St. Brendan’s)
District Electoral Division: Loughrea Rural
Area: 445.07 acres (445 acres, 0 roods, 10 perches), according to Townlands.ie.
OS Map (Larkin, 1819): Available here
OS Map (6″ OS, 1840): Available here
Irish Form Of Name: According to Logainm, the Irish form of Kincullia is Cionn Coille (ceann, meaning ‘head/headland’ and coill meaning ‘wood’). According to O’Donovan’s Field Name Books, the Irish form of the name is ‘Cion Coilleadh’ meaning ‘Head of the Wood.’ Similarly, the translation according to P. W. Joyce is ‘Cnoc-a’-choillin, hill of the little wood (coill, coillin).’
O’Donovan’s Field Name Books
Description: ‘This is a large long and irregularly formed townland, all arable, consisting of pasture and tillage. It contains 2 Danish Forts, 2 Trigl. Stations and 1 pool also an old Grave Yard. It is the property of the Earl of Clanricarde. Rent per acre £1. 5. County Cess 1s. 3d. half yearly.’
Situation: ‘North East of the centre of the parish, is bounded by the townlands of Graig, Caheronaun, Greeneenagh, Fairfield and Lisduff in this parish and by Bealagarra in that of Bullaun, by Bushfield and Curraghroe in that of Kilconickny.’
Ordnance Survey Letters Description: ‘In Kincullia townland, Cionn Choilleadh, is a burying place for children.’ (Vol. 2, page 232), and ‘Ceancoylly, is in Irish Cionn Coilleadh, Anglicised Kincullia, a townland in this parish.’ (Vol. 2, Page 236).
Griffith’s Valuation (1847-1864) For Kincullia
According to Griffith’s Valuation, the townland of Kincullia comprised 442 acres, 2 roods and 11 perches of land, at a total annual valuation of £179. The Marquis of Clanricarde was the landowner and immediate lessor for the majority of the townland, with additional portions held or managed by Peter Dolphin, Richard O’Neill and Mary Bricknell. The recorded occupiers included Peter Dolphin, Richard O’Neill, Patrick Daniell, Patrick Forde, Thomas Kelly, Fergus Maher, Patrick Kelly, Henry Blake, James Prendergast, John Fallon, Martin Kennedy and Matthew Rush.
The largest individual holding was held by Richard O’Neill, who held 88 acres and 29 perches of land, while the smallest direct holding was held by Patrick Forde, who held a portion of the 32-acre parcel. Names which appeared holding a house and office included Richard O’Neill, James Prendergast, John Fallon, Matthew Rush, Martin Kennedy, Peter Dolphin, and Dolphin’s sub-tenants: Patrick Madden, Edmund Madden, Thaddeus Moran, Michael Moran, Michael Flynn, John Ryan, James Ryan and Patrick Lyons.
The Marquis of Clanricarde leased tenements in Kincullia to Peter Dolphin, Richard O’Neill, Patrick Daniell, Patrick Forde, Thomas Kelly, Fergus Maher, Patrick Kelly, Henry Blake, James Prendergast, John Fallon, Martin Kennedy and Matthew Rush.
Richard O’Neill leased land that measured 88 acres and 29 perches in total from the Marquis of Clanricarde, divided into 2 properties. The first property was divided into 3 subplots, the first of which measured 42 acres, 1 rood and 2 perches, had no buildings and was valued at £10. The second plot measured 29 acres, 2 roods and 3 perches and contained a house and offices, for which he paid £10 10s for the land and 15s for the buildings. The third plot contained 2 cottiers’ houses, for which he paid 10s for the buildings. His total annual valuation of rateable property for these 3 subplots was £21 15s. The second property was a separate plot that measured 16 acres and 24 perches, for which he paid £8 10s.
Richard O’Neill further leased 2 acres, 2 roods and 28 perches of land to Patrick Ryan, on which he had a house and an office. He paid £1 for the land and 10s for the buildings, with his total annual valuation of rateable property amounting to £1 10s.
Patrick Daniell leased 33 acres, 3 roods and 20 perches of land, which had no buildings on it, for which he paid £8 for the land.
The Marquis of Clanricarde further leased a parcel of land that was divided into 5 separate plots among 5 different occupiers. Patrick Forde, Thomas Kelly, Fergus Maher, Patrick Kelly and Henry Blake each leased a portion of this land on the same parcel, which altogether measured 32 acres, 2 roods and 11 perches in total. Patrick Forde had a house on his portion of land, for which he paid £1 15s for the land and 5s for the buildings, with his total annual valuation of rateable property amounting to £2. Thomas Kelly had a house and an office on his portion of the land, for which he paid £4 11s for the land and 9s for the buildings, with a total annual valuation of rateable property amounting to £5. Fergus Maher had a house on his portion of the land, for which he paid £3 10s for the land and 5s for the buildings, with his total annual valuation of rateable property amounting to £3 15s. Patrick Kelly had a house on his portion of the land, for which he paid £1 15s for the land and 5s for the buildings, with his total annual valuation amounting to £2. Henry Blake had a house and an office on his portion of the land, for which he paid £2 9s for the land and 6s for the buildings, with his total annual valuation of rateable property amounting to £2 15s.
James Prendergast leased 31 acres, 3 roods and 31 perches of land, on which he had a house and offices. He paid £16 for the land and £2 for the buildings, with a total annual valuation of rateable property amounting to £18.
John Fallon leased 32 acres, 1 rood and 37 perches of land, on which he had a herd’s house and an office. He paid £16 for the land and 10s for the buildings, with a total annual valuation of rateable property amounting to £16 10s.
Matthew Rush leased 30 acres, 3 roods and 17 perches of land, on which he had a herd’s house and an office. He paid £19 for the land and 10s for the buildings, with a total annual valuation of rateable property amounting to £19 10s.
Martin Kennedy leased 33 acres, 1 rood and 2 perches of land from the Marquis of Clanricarde, on which he had a house and an office. He paid £17 for the land and 15s for the buildings, with his total annual valuation of rateable property amounting to £17 5s. Martin Kennedy further leased 16 acres, 1 rood and 17 perches of land from Mary Bricknell that had no buildings on it, for which he paid £10 for the land.
Peter Dolphin leased two different properties in Kincullia from the Marquis of Clanricarde. The first property was divided into two separate plots of land, with the first plot measuring 45 acres, 2 roods and 10 perches in size, on which he had a herd’s house and an office. He paid £14 for the land and £1 for the buildings. The second plot of land was 26 acres, 3 roods and 2 perches in size and had no buildings on it, for which he paid £6 10s for the land. His total annual valuation of rateable property for these two plots of land was £21 10s. Peter Dolphin also leased 12 acres, 1 rood and 10 perches of land from the Marquis of Clanricarde, for which he paid £2 5s for the land.
Patrick Madden had a house on his plot of land, for which he paid £2 4s for the land and 6s for the buildings, with his total annual valuation of rateable property amounting to £2 10s.
Edmund Madden had a house on his plot of land, for which he paid £2 4s for the land and 6s for the buildings, with his total annual valuation of rateable property amounting to £2 10s.
Thaddeus Moran had a house on his plot of land, for which he paid £1 2s for the land and 3s for the buildings, with his total annual valuation of rateable property amounting to £1 5s.
Michael Moran had a house on his plot of land, for which he paid £1 2s for the land and 3s for the buildings, with his total annual valuation of rateable property amounting to £1 5s.
Michael Flynn had a house on his plot of land, for which he paid £1 2s for the land and 3s for the buildings, with his total annual valuation of rateable property amounting to £1 5s.
John Ryan had a house on his plot of land, for which he paid £1 2s for the land and 3s for the buildings, with his total annual valuation of rateable property amounting to £1 5s.
Peter Dolphin also leased a portion of land 24 acres, 1 rood and 21 perches in size, shared jointly by James Ryan and Patrick Lyons, at a total land valuation of £7. James Ryan had a house and offices on his portion of the land and paid 10s for the buildings. Patrick Lyons had a house and offices on his portion of land and paid 15s for the buildings.
The total annual valuation of rateable property paid overall in Kincullia was £168 11s for the land and £10 9s for the buildings, with the townland’s total valuation amounting to £179. The land in Kincullia was valued at approximately 7s 7d per acre.
1901 Census For Kincullia
Overview Of Kincullia (Loughrea Rural) In 1901
According to the 1901 Census, there were a total of 13 households in Kincullia, all classed as private dwellings. According to Form B1 of the House and Building Return, all were constructed of stone, brick or concrete walls, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing, except for House 9, which had a roof made of slate, iron or tile. Houses 1, 2, 8, 9 and 13 were 3rd-class dwellings, while Houses 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11 and 12 were 2nd-class dwellings. Houses 2 and 9 had 1 front window, Houses 1, 8 and 13 had 2 front windows, Houses 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10 and 12 had 3 front windows, and House 11 had 4 front windows.
The Enumerator’s Abstract Return recorded a total of 66 individuals in Kincullia (Houses 1-11) at that time, consisting of 35 males and 31 females, with an average age of 24 (23.7). Including Houses 12 and 13, the total number of individuals in the townland was 73, consisting of 40 males and 33 females. Every individual was Roman Catholic and born in Co. Galway. Literacy was 63% (46 individuals) able to read and write, 5.5% (4 individuals) able to read only, and 31.5% (23 individuals) recorded as being unable to read. Bilingualism was present, with 32.9% (24 individuals) recorded as able to speak both Irish and English. The enumerator was Const. Andrew Murphy.
The heads of each household were Thomas Campbell, Michael Moran, John Maher, Michael Madden, John Madden [Maddan], Thomas Lyons, John Madden [Maddan], Ellen Conroy, Marcella Cloran, Patrick Maher, Thomas Prendergast, Michael Kennedy and Thomas Fahy, who were also the landholders, except for Thomas Fahy, whose landholder was John Larkin. According to Form B2 of the Out-Offices and Farm-Steadings Return, there were a total of 49 out-offices in the townland: 10 piggeries, 9 cow houses, 8 sheds, 7 stables, 6 barns, 3 calf houses, 2 fowl houses, a turf house, a potato house, a workshop, and a store.
The head of the first household in Kincullia was Thomas Campbell (30), an agricultural labourer, who lived with his sister Mary (35). Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway, was Roman Catholic, could read and write and was unmarried.
They lived in a 3rd-class, 2-roomed dwelling with 2 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There was 1 out-office attached to the household: a piggery. Thomas Campbell was the landholder.
The head of the second household in Kincullia was Michael Moran (40), an agricultural labourer, who lived with his wife Mary (38), their sons Michael (16), Patrick (14) and John (10), their daughters Mary (18), Bridget (12), Annie (6) and Sarah (8), all of whom were unmarried. Patrick (14) and Michael (16) were agricultural labourers, while Bridget (12), John (10), Sarah (8) and Annie (6) were scholars. Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. All could read and write, except for Mary (18), who could read only, as well as Sarah (8) and Annie (6), who could not read. Only Michael (40) and Mary (38) were recorded as able to speak both Irish and English.
They lived in a 3rd-class, 2-roomed private dwelling with 1 front window. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There were 3 out-offices attached to the household: a cow house, a piggery and a shed. Michael Moran was the landholder.
The head of the third household in Kincullia was John Maher (55), a farmer, who lived with his wife Mary (55), his son Michael (37), an agricultural labourer, his daughter-in-law Mary (38), and his grandchildren Thomas (10), Patrick (5), Mary (3) and John (1). Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. Mary (38) was the only member who could read and write, Thomas (10), the only recorded scholar, could read only, while the remaining members could not read. Only John (55), Mary (55), Michael (37) and Mary (38) were recorded as able to speak both Irish and English.
They lived in a 2nd-class, 3-roomed dwelling with 3 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There was 1 out-office attached to the household: a piggery. John Maher was the landholder.
The head of the fourth household in Kincullia was Michael Madden (42), a farmer, who lived with his wife Celia (26), his brother Martin (23), an agricultural labourer, and a lodger, Patrick Daly (62), a carpenter. Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. Every member could read and write, and all were recorded as able to speak both Irish and English, except for Celia, who spoke English only.
They lived in a 2nd-class, 3-roomed dwelling with 3 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There were 5 out-offices attached to the household: a stable, a cow house, a piggery, a barn and a shed. Michael Madden was the landholder.
The head of the fifth household in Kincullia was John Madden [Maddan] (35), a farmer, who lived with his wife Mary (26), their son John (5), a scholar, and their daughters Bridget (3) and Annie (9 months old). Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. John (35), John (5), Bridget (3) and Annie (9 months old) were recorded as unable to read, as the only member who could read and write was Mary (26). John (35) was the only member recorded as able to speak both Irish and English.
They lived in a 2nd-class, 3-roomed dwelling with 3 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There were 4 out-offices attached to the household: a stable, a cow house, a piggery, and a shed. John Madden [Maddan] was the landholder.
The head of the sixth household in Kincullia was Thomas Lyons (45), a farmer, who lived with his wife Ellen (40), his mother Sarah (85), and his children John (17), Thomas (16), Michael (14), Joseph (12), Richard (9), Francis (6), Peter (5), Anthony (3), and Mary Catherine (1 month old), all of whom were unmarried except Sarah (85), who was a widow.
John (17) and Thomas (16) were agricultural labourers, while Michael (14), Joseph (12), Richard (9) and Francis (6) were scholars. Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. Ellen (40), John (17), Thomas (16), Michael (14), Joseph (12), and Richard (9) could read and write, Francis (6) could read only, while Sarah (85), Thomas (45), Peter (5), Anthony (3) and Mary Catherine (1 month old) could not read. Thomas (45), Ellen (40) and Sarah (85) were the only members recorded as able to speak both Irish and English.
They lived in a 2nd-class, 3-roomed dwelling with 3 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There were 5 out-offices attached to the household: a stable, a cow house, a piggery, a barn and a shed. Thomas Lyons was the landholder
Madden (Maddan)
The head of the seventh household in Kincullia was John Madden [Maddan] (40), a farmer, who lived with his wife Anne (30), and daughters Mary (11), Delia (9), Teresa (5), Annie (3), and their sons Thomas (7) and Martin (1), all of whom were unmarried. Mary (11), Delia (9) and Thomas (7) were scholars. Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. Every member could read and write, except for John (40), Teresa (5), Annie (3) and Martin (1), who were recorded as unable to read.
They lived in a 2nd-class, 3-roomed dwelling with 3 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There were 6 out-offices attached to the household: a stable, a cow house, a calf house, a piggery, a barn, and a shed. John Madden [Maddan] was the landholder.
The head of the eighth household in Kincullia was Ellen Conroy (45), who lived with her daughter Bridget (17) and her son Thomas (16), an agricultural labourer. Ellen (45) was a widow, while both of her children were unmarried. Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. Bridget (17) and Thomas (16) could read and write, while Ellen (45) could not read. Ellen (45) was the only member recorded as able to speak both Irish and English.
They lived in a 3rd-class, 2-roomed dwelling with 2 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There was 1 out-office attached to the household: a shed. Ellen Conroy was the landholder.
The head of the ninth household in Kincullia was Marcella Cloran (83), an unmarried farmer. She was born in Co. Galway, was Roman Catholic, and could read and write. She lived in a 3rd-class, 2-roomed dwelling with 1 front window. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while slate, iron, tile or other non-perishable material was used for roofing. There was 1 out-office attached to the household: a cow house. Marcella Cloran was the landholder.
The head of the tenth household in Kincullia was Patrick Maher (63), a farmer, who lived with his wife Mary (48), their sons Michael (23), William (19), Patrick (12) and Thomas (6), and their daughters Anne (14) and Mary (13), all of whom were unmarried. Michael (23) and William (19) were agricultural labourers, while Anne (14), Mary (13), Patrick (12) and Thomas (6) were scholars. Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. Every member could read and write, except for Thomas (6), who could read only, and Patrick (63) who could not read. Patrick (63), Mary (48) and Michael (23) were the only members recorded as able to speak both Irish and English.
They lived in a 2nd-class, 3-roomed dwelling with 3 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There were 4 out-offices attached to the household: a stable, a cow house, a piggery and a barn. Patrick Maher was the landholder.
The head of the eleventh household in Kincullia was Thomas Prendergast (54), a farmer, who lived with his wife Bridget (39), their sons Thomas (16) and John (6), and their daughters Catherine (14) and Margaret (11). Catherine (14) was a ‘farmer’s daughter’, Thomas (16) was a ‘farmer’s son’, while Margaret (11) and John (6) were scholars. Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway, was Roman Catholic, and could read and write. Thomas (54) and Bridget (39) were the only members recorded as able to speak both Irish and English.
They lived in a 2nd-class, 4-roomed dwelling with 4 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There were 7 out-offices attached to the household: a stable, a cow house, a calf house, a piggery, a fowl house, a barn, and a shed. Thomas Prendergast was the landholder.
The head of the twelfth household in Kincullia was Michael Kennedy (60), who lived with his wife Margaret (60), their son Patrick (17), and their daughter Frances [likely actually their son, Francis](20), both of whom were unmarried. Michael (60) was farmer, Frances (20) was a ‘farmer’s daughter’ [likely meant to be a ‘farmer’s son’], and Patrick (17) was a ‘farmer’s son’. Please note that it is likely that ‘Frances’ was incorrectly recorded as Michael’s daughter, when it was almost certainly instead his son, ‘Francis’, who later appears in the 1911 and 1926 Census records.
Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway, was Roman Catholic, and could read and write. Michael (60) and Margaret (60) were the only members recorded as able to speak both Irish and English.
They lived in a 2nd-class, 4-roomed dwelling with 3 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There were 11 out-offices attached to the household: a stable, a cow house, a calf house, a piggery, a fowl house, a barn, a turf house, a potato house, a workshop, a shed and a store. Michael Kennedy was the landholder.
The head of the thirteenth household in Kincullia was Thomas Fahy (30), a shepherd, who lived with his wife Catherine (30) and their son Patrick (10), a scholar. Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. Every member could read and write and could speak both Irish and English.
They lived in a 3rd-class, 3-roomed dwelling with 2 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There were no out-offices attached to the household. John Larkin was the landholder.
1911 Census For Kincullia
Overview Of Kincullia (Loughrea Rural) In 1911
According to the 1911 Census, there were 14 households in Kincullia, of which 13 were inhabited and 1 (House 14, with the landholder Joseph O’Loughlin) was recorded as uninhabited. All households were classed as private dwellings. According to Form B1 of the House and Building Return, the walls of all inhabited houses were constructed of stone, brick or concrete, while the roofing varied. Houses 4 and 11 had roofs made of non-perishable material such as slate, iron, or tile, while Houses 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12 and 13 had roofs made of wood, thatch or other perishable material. Houses 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11 and 12 were 2nd-class dwellings, while Houses 5, 10 and 13 were 3rd-class dwellings. Houses 12 had no front windows, House 5 had 1 front window, Houses 2, 6, 10, 11 and 13 had 2 front windows, while Houses 1, 3, 4, 7, 8 and 9 had 3 front windows.
The Enumerator’s Abstract Return (Page 1) recorded a total of 71 individuals in the first 11 households in Kincullia, with an additional 12 individuals recorded in Houses 12 and 13 covered on Page 2. In total, there were 83 individuals in Kincullia at that time, comprising 46 males and 37 females, with an average age of 30.8. Every individual was Roman Catholic. The majority were local, as 96.4% (80 individuals) were born in Co. Galway, with the exception of James Murphy and Bernard Carney (born in Co. Longford) and Joseph Patrick Murphy (born in Co. Limerick).
Literacy was 72.3% (60 individuals) able to read and write, 1.2% (1 individual) able to read only, and 26.5% (22 individuals) recorded as unable to read. Bilingualism was present, with 26.5% (22 individuals) recorded as able to speak both Irish and English.
The heads of each household were: Margaret Kennedy, Bridget Prendergast, Michael Madden, John Maher, Michael Moran, Thomas Campbell, John Madden, Thomas Lyons, John Madden, Ellen Conroy, James Murphy, Patrick Maher and Patrick Howard, who were also the landholders, except for Patrick Howard, whose landholder was Joseph O’Loughlin. According to Form B2 of the Out-Offices and Farm-Steadings Return, there were a total of 60 out-offices in the townland: 11 stables, 11 cow houses, 11 piggeries, 9 sheds, 7 fowl houses, 5 barns, 3 calf houses, a coach house, a turf house and a potato house.
Kennedy Additional surname: Glennane
The head of the first household in Kincullia was Margaret Kennedy (60), a widow, who shared the home with her two sons, Patrick (27) and Francis (25), as well as another lodger, Michael Glennane (26), all of whom were unmarried. Margaret (60) was a farmer, Michael Glennane was a farm servant, while both Patrick (27) and Francis (25) were ‘farmer’s sons’. Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. All could read and write, but only Margaret (60) and Patrick (27) were recorded as able to speak both Irish and English.
They lived in a 2nd-class, 6-roomed private dwelling with 3 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There were 10 out-offices attached to the household: a stable, a coach house, a cow house, a calf house, a piggery, a fowl house, a barn, a turf house, a potato house and a shed. Margaret Kennedy was the landholder.
The head of the second household in Kincullia was Bridget Prendergast (57), a widow, who shared the home with her two sons, Thomas (26) and John (17), as well as her daughter Margaret (22), all of whom were unmarried. Bridget (57) was a farmer, both Thomas (26) and John (17) were ‘farmer’s sons’, and her daughter, Margaret (22) was a ‘farmer’s daughter’. Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. All could read and write. Bridget (57) was the only individual recorded as able to speak both Irish and English.
They lived in a 2nd-class, 7-roomed private dwelling with 3 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There were 7 out-offices attached to the household: 2 stables, a cow house, a piggery, a fowl house, a barn, and a shed. Bridget Prendergast was the landholder.
The head of the third household in Kincullia was Michael Madden (53), who lived with his wife, Celia (36), whom he had been married to for 16 years and had no children with. He shared the home with his brother Martin (33), Martin’s wife Anne Madden (31), and three of his nieces, Mary (5), Kathleen (3), and Nora Madden (2). Martin (33) and Anne (31) had been married for 6 years and had 3 children born alive, all of whom were still alive in 1911. Michael (53) and his brother Martin (33) were recorded as farmers. Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. All could read and write except for the three children, Mary (5), Kathleen (3) and Nora (2), who could not read. Michael (53) was the only individual recorded as able to speak both Irish and English.
They lived in a 2nd–class, 3–roomed private dwelling with 3 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There were 7 out-offices attached to the household: a stable, a cow house, a calf house, a piggery, a fowl house, a barn and a shed. Michael Madden was the landholder.
The head of the fourth household in Kincullia was John Maher (73), who lived with his wife, Mary (73), whom he had been married to for 53 years and had 9 children born alive, 8 of whom were still alive in 1911. Additionally, his son, Michael (50) and his wife Mary (42) also resided in the household. Michael (50) and Mary (42) had been married for 21 years and had 9 children together, all of whom were still alive in 1911 and resided within the household. They shared the home with Michael and Mary’s six sons, Thomas (18), Patrick (15), John (10), Michael (8), Joseph (6) and Christopher (2), as well as their three daughters, Mary (12), Annie (4) and Teresa (6 months old), all of whom were unmarried. John (73) was a farmer, Michael (50), Thomas (18) and Patrick (15) were general labourers, while John (10), Michael (8) and Joseph (6) were scholars.
Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. All could read and write, except for John (73) who could read only, as well as Mary (73), Joseph (6), Annie (4), Christopher (2) and Teresa (6 months old), who could not read. John (73), Mary (73), Michael (50) and Mary (42) were the only individuals recorded as able to speak both Irish and English.
They lived in a 2nd-class, 4–roomed private dwelling with 3 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while slate, iron, tile, or other non-perishable material was used for roofing. There was 1 out-office attached to the household: a piggery. John Maher was the landholder.
The head of the fifth household in Kincullia was Michael Moran (51), who shared the home with his wife Mary (51), whom he had been married to for 30 years and had 7 children with, all of whom were still alive and residing within the home in 1911. They lived with their three sons, Michael (26), Patrick (24) and John Joseph (18), and their four daughters, Mary (28), Bridget (20), Sarah (16) and Annie (12), all of whom were unmarried. Michael (51) was a farmer and all of his children were recorded as either ‘farmer’s sons’ or ‘farmer’s daughters’, except for Annie (12), who was a scholar. Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. All could read and write, except for Mary (28), who could not read. Michael (51) and Mary (51) were the only individuals recorded as able to speak both Irish and English.
They lived in a 3rd-class, 2-roomed private dwelling with 1 front window. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There were 4 out-offices attached to the household: a stable, a cow house, a piggery and a fowl house. Michael Moran was the landholder.
The head of the sixth household in Kincullia was Thomas Campbell (40), a farmer, who shared the home with his sister, Mary Campbell (50). Both members of the household were born in Co. Galway, were Roman Catholic, were unmarried, and could read and write.
They lived in a 3rd-class, 2-roomed private dwelling with 2 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There were 2 out-offices attached to the household: a cow house and a piggery. Thomas Campbell was the landholder.
The head of the seventh household in Kincullia was John Madden (50), who shared the home with his wife, Mary (45), whom he had been married to for 16 years and with whom he had 7 children born alive, 6 of whom were still alive in 1911. Also residing within the household were their four sons, John (14), Patrick (7), Michael (2) and Martin (5 months old), as well as their two daughters, Annie (10) and Mary (5), all of whom were unmarried. John (50) was a farmer, while John (14), Annie (10), Patrick (7) and Mary (5) were scholars. Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. All could read and write, except for Mary (5), Michael (2) and Martin (5 months old), who could not read. John (50) was the only individual recorded as able to speak both Irish and English.
They lived in a 2nd–class, 4–roomed private dwelling with 3 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There were 5 out-offices attached to the household: a stable, a cow house, a piggery, a fowl house and a shed. John Madden was the landholder. An unclear annotation appears after his name on the House and Building Return, which may read ‘Pat’.
The head of the eighth household in Kincullia was Thomas Lyons (55), who shared the home with his wife, Ellen (55), whom he had been married to for 28 years and had 10 children with, all of whom were still alive in 1911. They lived with six of their sons, John (27), Thomas (26), Richard (18), Peter (14), Anthony (12) and Martin (7), as well as their daughter, Mary Kate (10). Thomas (55) was a farmer, John (27), Thomas (26) and Richard (18) were ‘farmer’s sons’, while Peter (14), Anthony (12), Martin (7) and Mary Kate (10) were scholars.
Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. All could read and write, except for Thomas (55), who could not read. Thomas (55), Ellen (55), Peter (14) and Mary Kate (10) were the only individuals recorded as able to speak both Irish and English.
They lived in a 2nd–class, 4–roomed private dwelling with 3 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There were 7 out-offices attached to the household: 2 stables, a cow house, a piggery, a fowl house, a barn and a shed. Thomas Lyons was the landholder.
The head of the ninth household in Kincullia was John Madden (50), who shared the home with his wife, Anne (40), whom he had been married to for 22 years and with whom he had 7 children, all of whom were still alive in 1911. They lived with their three daughters, Delia (19), Teresa (16) and Anne (14), and their three sons, Thomas (17), Martin Joseph (11) and Edward (1), all of whom were unmarried. John (50) was a farmer, Delia (19) was a ‘farmer’s daughter’, Thomas (17) was a ‘farmer’s son’, while Teresa (16), Anne (14), and Martin Joseph (11) were scholars. Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. All could read and write, except for John (50) and Edward (1), who could not read. John (50) was the only individual recorded as able to speak both Irish and English.
They lived in a 2nd–class, 4–roomed private dwelling with 3 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There were 5 out-offices attached to the household: a stable, a cow house, a piggery, a barn and a shed. John Madden was the landholder. An unclear annotation appears after his name on the House and Building Return, which may read ‘Tom’ or ‘Jun’ [Junior].
The head of the tenth household in Kincullia was Ellen Conroy (65), a widow, who shared the home with her son Thomas (26), a general labourer, and her daughter, Bridget (25), both of whom were unmarried. Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. Thomas (26) and Bridget (25) could read and write, while Ellen (65) could not read. Ellen (65) was the only individual recorded as able to speak both Irish and English. Notably, Ellen Conroy’s age increased by 20 years in a 10-year period, as although she was recorded as 45 years old in 1901, by 1911 this had changed to 65 years old.
They lived in a 3rd-class, 2-roomed private dwelling with 2 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There was 1 out-office attached to the household: a cow house. Ellen Conroy was the landholder.
Murphy Additional surname: Carney
The head of the eleventh household in Kincullia was James Murphy (51), a farmer, who shared the home with his wife Marion (36), whom he had been married to for 8 years and had one child with, who was still alive and residing within the home in 1911. They lived with their son, Joseph Patrick (6), a scholar, as well as another lodger, Bernard Carney (68), a farm servant who was noted as a widower. Both James Murphy (51) and Bernard Carney (68) were born in Co. Longford, Marion (36) was born in Co. Galway, and Joseph Patrick (6) was born in Co. Limerick. Every member of the household was Roman Catholic and could read and write.
They lived in a 2nd-class, 6-roomed private dwelling with 2 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while slate, iron, tile, or other non-perishable material was used for roofing. There were 6 out-offices attached to the household: a stable, a cow house, a calf house, a piggery, a fowl house and a shed. James Murphy was the landholder.
The head of the twelfth household in Kincullia was Patrick Maher (73), who shared the home with his wife, Mary (66), whom he had been married to for 40 years and with whom he had 9 children born alive, all of whom were still alive in 1911. They lived with three of their sons, Michael (35), Patrick (21) and Thomas (17), as well as two of their daughters, Anne (25) and Mary (23), all of whom were unmarried. Patrick (73) was a farmer, Michael (35), Patrick (21) and Thomas (17) were ‘farmer’s sons’, while Anne (25) and Mary (23) were ‘farmer’s daughters’. Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. All could read and write, except for Patrick (73) and Mary (66), who could not read. Patrick (73), Mary (66), Michael (35) and Thomas (17) were the only individuals recorded as able to speak both Irish and English.
They lived in a 3rd–class, 3–roomed private dwelling with no front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There were 4 out-offices attached to the household: a stable, a cow house, a piggery and a shed. Patrick Maher was the landholder.
The head of the thirteenth household in Kincullia was Patrick Howard (35), a shepherd, who shared the home with his wife, Bridget (30), whom he had been married to for 7 years and had 3 children with, all of whom were still alive and residing within the household in 1911. They lived with their two daughters, Mary (6), the only recorded scholar, and Bridget (2), as well as their son, John (4). Every member of the household was born in Co. Galway and was Roman Catholic. Patrick (35) and Bridget (30) were the only members who could read and write, as their children were unable to read. Patrick (35) was the only individual recorded as able to speak both Irish and English.
They lived in a 3rd–class, 2–roomed private dwelling with 2 front windows. The walls of the home were made of stone, brick or concrete, while wood, thatch or other perishable material was used for roofing. There was 1 out-office attached to the household: a shed. Joseph O’Laughlin was the landholder.
Comparing The 1901 And 1911 Census Records
Comparing the 1901 and 1911 Census records reveals several age discrepancies. The most significant of which is that Ellen Conroy (House 10 in 1911) aged 20 years between 1901 and 1911, as although she was 45 in 1901, by 1911 her age had increased to 65. Similarly, John and Mary Maher (House 4) both saw their recorded ages increase by 18 years, reachng age 73 in 1911. Mary Campbell (House 6) aged 15 years, moving from 35 to 50. John Madden (House 7) also aged 15 years, moving from 35 to 50, while his wife Mary Madden aged 19 years, moving from 26 to 45. Ellen Lyons (House 8) aged 15 years, moving from 40 to 55. Lastly, Michael Maher (House 12) aged 12 years, moving from 23 to 35.
Other individuals recorded lower age increases than the ten-year gap. In House 1, Margaret Kennedy remained 60 years old in both censuses, while her son Francis aged only 5 years, from 20 to 25. In House 4, Mary Maher (John Maher’s daughter-in-law), aged 4 years, from 38 to 42. In House 5, Bridget Moran aged 8 years, from 12 to 20, John Joseph Moran aged 8 years, from 10 to 18, and Annie Moran aged 6 years, from 6 to 12. In House 8, Richard, Peter, and Anthony Lyons all aged 9 years, moving from 9 to 18, 5 to 14, and 3 to 12 respectively. In House 12, Patrick Maher aged 9 years, from 12 to 21, while Annie Maher and Thomas Maher both aged 11 years, moving from 14 to 25 and 6 to 17 respectively.
Several children present in the 1901 Census were absent in 1911, having moved out or, in some cases, likely died. Bridget Madden (House 7) was absent, and her parents recorded 7 children born alive with only 6 still living. In House 8, Michael, Joseph and Francis Lyons were absent, while a new son, Martin, had been born since 1901. In House 9, Mary Madden was absent, and a new son, Edward had been born. In House 12, William Maher was absent, likely having moved out. Likewise, Thomas Fahy and Marcella Cloran were absent from the 1911 Census, suggesting they had moved or passed away in the intervening years.
Beyond changes in household composition, Kincullia experienced broader demographic and social shift between 1901 and 1911. Several new households appeared in 1911, including those of Bridget Prendergast (House 2), James Murphy (House 11), Patrick Howard (House 13), and the uninhabited House 14 with Joseph O’Loughlin as landholder. Literacy rates improved over the decade, rising from 63% in 1901 to 72.3% in 1911, while illiteracy declined from 31.5% to 26.5%. However, bilingualism declined significantly, falling from 32.9% in 1901 to 26.5% in 1911. Kincullia also saw an increase in the number of out-offices, from 49 in 1901 to 60 in 1911. Notable increases included fowl houses (from 2 to 7), stables (from 7 to 11), cow houses (from 9 to 11), piggeries (from 10 to 11), and sheds (from 8 to 9), while barns decreased slightly from 6 to 5. The addition of a coach house in 1911, present only in the Kennedy household also suggests an improvement in the standard of living for at least one family in the townland.
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